Food Crisis Looms as Iran War Disrupts Supplies in Africa

The ongoing Iran war is threatening food security in Africa, potentially leading to dramatic consequences for the continent’s most vulnerable populations. As of May 1, 2026, reports indicate that the conflict has severely disrupted agricultural imports, pushing up fertiliser prices and jeopardizing food production.

Yara International, the world’s largest fertiliser company, has seen a staggering increase in urea prices—between 60% and 70% since the onset of the war. This surge directly impacts countries like Ethiopia and Kenya, which heavily rely on nitrogenous fertilisers from the Middle East. According to S&P Global, these nations face significant challenges due to fuel and fertiliser restrictions.

Africa stands at a crossroads; despite its potential to be a major food producer, it remains a significant food importer. The EU has stepped in with grant aid of up to €50,000 for farmers affected by these disruptions. Yet, many experts warn that this support may not be enough to stave off a looming crisis.

Key statistics:

• 35% of the world’s supply of urea originates from Gulf states.
• The price of urea has skyrocketed due to the ongoing conflict.
• African nations are increasingly exposed to fluctuations in global fertiliser markets.

Svein Tore Holsether, CEO of Yara International, emphasized the urgency of the situation: “The most important thing we can do now is raise the alarm on what we are seeing right now – that there is a risk of a global auction on fertiliser that means it becomes unaffordable for those most vulnerable.” His words underline a growing concern among agricultural leaders about rising costs and diminishing supplies.

The reality on the ground is stark for many farmers. One day labourer lamented, “Farming only leads to financial losses. I’d rather work as a day labourer and earn 100 to 200 baht a day just to get by.” This sentiment reflects the struggles faced not only by individual farmers but also by entire communities trying to adapt to escalating prices and dwindling resources.

The Iran war has already deepened into supply chains affecting food security across sub-Saharan Africa. As these nations grapple with their dependence on external sources for essential agricultural inputs, their future hangs precariously in balance.

The next steps remain uncertain as officials continue to assess the impact on local economies and food systems. However, one thing is clear: without immediate action and support, millions could face unprecedented challenges in accessing basic nutrition.